On Friday, October 3, 2025, a new reign began in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg when His Royal Highness Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg abdicated the throne in favor of his son, His Royal Highness Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume of Luxembourg.

The Change of Throne ceremonies began at the Palais Grand-Ducal, where the Marshal of the Grand Ducal Court, Ms. Sasha Baillie, welcomed the Grand Ducal family, the royal families from the Kingdom of Belgium and the Kingdom of the Netherlands, members of the government of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the President of the European Parliament, and the President of the European Council.

Then, Grand Duke Henri walked over to the table and signed the Grand Ducal Act of Abdication. Following him, Prime Minister Luc Frieden countersigned the Act. At that moment, Grand Duke Henri ceased to be the reigning sovereign and head of state, and Luxembourg was technically without a sovereign until the swearing-in of Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume.

At 11 a.m., Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume and Hereditary Grand Duchess Stephanie arrived at the Chamber of Deputies, where the official swearing-in ceremony took place in a public session before sixty deputies.

After Prime Minister Frieden read the Grand Ducal Act of Abdication, the President of the Chamber of Deputies, Claude Wiseler, gave a speech reminding Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume of his unique role:

“You were born and raised here in Luxembourg. You know our country and its people. From a young age, you were prepared for your role as Grand Duke. The time is right. You are ready.

The Grand Duke is the Head of State. He represents the State. He is the symbol of national unity and independence, as stated in Article 44 of the Constitution.

As a symbol of national unity, you have the important task of building bridges between tradition and the future, between generations, between Luxembourgers and non-Luxembourgers, between our country and its partners within the Benelux, within Europe, and worldwide. We trust you, just as we trusted your father.”

Then, President Wiseler requested that Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume stand and take the oath. Raising his right hand, he declared:

“I swear to observe the Constitution and the laws, and to fulfill faithfully my constitutional duties.”

At that moment, he officially became His Royal Highness Grand Duke Guillaume of Luxembourg.

In his first speech from the throne, the Grand Duke recalled the words of his great-grandmother, Grand Duchess Charlotte, who told the nation more than a century ago, “I will live the life of my people, from whom I do not want to be separated by any barrier. I will share their joys and sufferings.”

He then added:

“With these words, Grand Duchess Charlotte addressed the nation for the first time on 18 January 1919. These words went beyond the oath she had taken a few days earlier as the new Head of State: they were also a promise to her country and her people. 

These were sincere and heartfelt words, spoken in the aftermath of a conflict that had torn Europe apart. Words whose full significance would only be revealed two decades later, in the wake of an even more tragic cataclysm. 

Exactly eighty years ago, in 1945, Grand Duchess Charlotte returned from exile. In those dark times, the monarchy stood as an essential pillar of continuity for the Luxembourg state. A symbol of the principles of freedom and unity enshrined in our Constitution, the monarchy has remained, then as now, a constant point of reference and a steadfast support in times of crisis. 

In this sense, the oath I have just taken on the Constitution marks a significant institutional milestone for our country. I undertake to fulfil, with responsibility, integrity, and dedication, the duties associated with this oath and prescribed by the Constitution. Our democracy needs strong institutions, and I am honoured to be a full part of them. 

I therefore pledge to remain politically neutral and to defend our fundamental democratic principles steadfastly. I solemnly swear to serve all the people of our country, and to act, in all circumstances, in the interests of the nation. 

I promise always to listen and to work towards finding common solutions. I will act with integrity, remain authentic, and serve our country with loyalty and honesty. The Grand Duke embodies national unity and independence. In these challenging times, the monarchy has a vital role to play: listening attentively, building trust among the people, and strengthening social cohesion.

Mr President of the Chamber of Deputies, at the National Day celebrations last June, you reminded us that, in these times, legitimacy and authority no longer derive from function alone. They rest on collective acceptance, which guarantees the longevity of an institution. 

A monarchy is often anchored in centuries-old traditions that form an essential part of our identity. And yet, the monarchy must evolve with the times and remain oriented toward the future. I wish to be the Grand Duke who builds bridges between generations, between tradition and innovation. 

I will strive to build bridges between people, thereby strengthening the cohesion of our society. Looking to the future, it is our shared values, our creativity, and our solidarity that shall carry us forward together. The world we live in today is very different from those dark times in our history – when the words of Grand Duchess Charlotte brought a glimmer of hope to an entire people. 

Yet it is also a different world from that of twenty-five years ago, when my father took his oath in this very place. We are facing many challenges: growing geopolitical tensions, a global economy that has become unpredictable once again, a spiral of disinformation that threatens our democracy, and the ever more visible impact of climate change. 

Meanwhile, war and poverty remain tragic constants. Our world is changing rapidly, shaped by technological progress and profound societal transformations. Yet throughout its history, Luxembourg has shown a remarkable ability to adapt to international challenges and to turn them into opportunities. We have much to be proud of, but pride must never give way to complacency. 

Through innovative investments, Luxembourg today stands not only as a leading financial centre, but also an increasingly attractive hub for new technologies. In doing so, we are shaping our future, building a strong and sustainable economy, and preserving our social model. Here in Luxembourg, we have what it takes to rise to the challenges of tomorrow. 

My hope is that we shall continue to work side by side, in a spirit of solidarity and responsibility. Building bridges is one of the Grand Duchy’s great strengths. And our social stability remains a major asset for both our society and our economy. These are the hallmarks of a Luxembourg that is dynamic, innovative, and attractive. In my new role, it will be a great honour to me to continue to embody this Luxembourg abroad and to support the endeavours of our government. 

The Grand Duchy has another unique asset: a multicultural and multinational population. Over the decades, many people have come to live and work here. Some came from southern Europe or neighbouring countries and have been our fellow citizens for a long time. Others have arrived more recently, as a result of globalisation and the diversification of our economy. And still others have found refuge here, fleeing war or poverty. 

Together, these people represent almost half of our population and, along with the many cross-border workers from our neighbouring countries, they make a vital contribution to Luxembourg’s prosperity. By this, I mean not only economic wealth, but also cultural wealth, which has had a significant impact on our country and has shaped our identity. 

As the new Grand Duke, I am proud to be there for them as well. I would like to express my sincere gratitude for their contribution to the successful development of Luxembourg as we know it today. 

 This unique context is, of course, not without its challenges. But I wish for us to build more bridges between communities – for us to truly live together, not merely side by side. I believe in the values of openness, diversity, tolerance and solidarity. Luxembourg thrives when every person truly feels at home here. 

Ladies and Gentlemen, Today, I wish to address our young people in particular. As the father of two young children, I reflect deeply on the world in which they will grow up. We are at the dawn of a major technological revolution, driven by artificial intelligence. It will transform our lives, our environment, and even our democratic institutions. 

Such changes can give rise to feelings of uncertainty about the world of tomorrow. And it is the younger generation for whom the stakes are highest. In an increasingly digital world, we must cultivate human connections more than ever. For it is through dialogue and direct contact that true understanding of others is born, along with genuine empathy. 

Each of us carries the responsibility to build bridges that draw us closer together. This is a major responsibility, especially towards our youth. They are growing up in a world where artificial intelligence is an everyday reality. They must therefore learn not only to understand and to use technology, but also to approach it with a critical eye – with the support of their families, their friends, their teachers, but also beyond the classroom and in the workplace. 

While artificial intelligence offers many benefits, it must never be allowed to stifle our creativity or weaken our critical spirit. Our democracy and our society need citizens who are engaged, enlightened, and creative – citizens for whom mutual support comes naturally.

 Human relations are also the foundation of a strong sense of community. A spirit of community and solidarity which we must nurture and keep alive! Yet today, our society is marked by a tendency towards withdrawal, often at the expense of care for others. That is why I call upon you, the young, but also the not-so-young, to continue your voluntary engagement in associations, municipalities, and the many clubs and circles of our social life. And to those who have not yet taken this step: dare to volunteer. 

Through such commitment, you strengthen social cohesion, forge bonds, and foster solidarity – values that are particularly dear to me. It is only by acting together that we can overcome tomorrow’s challenges and build a more resilient society. Our strength lies in our community and in the values we share. I will therefore continue to commit myself wholeheartedly to supporting the most vulnerable and disadvantaged, as well as those who, each day, stand by them. Our community is made up of all of us. Above all, I want to give a voice to those who are seldom heard and whose lives are often marked by hardship. 

My wife, Grand Duchess Stéphanie, has stood by my side and has shared this commitment for many years. She will continue to support me, while also setting her own priorities. And human well-being is at the heart of our shared sense of purpose. The role of the spouse of the Head of State is a very important one: the spouse contributes to our country’s international standing, upholds our values, gives prominence to vital social and cultural causes, and recognises the dedication of all those who serve them, whether as volunteers or professionals. 

We are particularly honoured today to be joined by two Queens who embody this role to perfection. My mother, Grand Duchess Maria Teresa, has always been deeply committed to helping victims of violence and the most vulnerable. My father, Grand Duke Henri, has dedicated his life to the service of our country. Together, over the past twenty-five years, they have greatly contributed to Luxembourg’s well-being. Since my childhood, they have prepared me for this moment, year after year, with love and understanding. I want to thank them with all my heart for the trust they have placed in me. Without your support, I would not be the person I am today. 

There is also another person in my family who has left a profound mark on me – and, I believe, on all those who had the privilege to know him. A man of great heart, who did not shy away from the front lines to fight for our freedom. I speak, of course, of my grandfather, Grand Duke Jean. For several years now, I have taken on his role as Chief Scout, a role especially dear to him. I am proud today to embrace this new mission as Head of State, walking also in his footsteps. He is with us today, present in our thoughts. 

Ladies and Gentlemen, Tomorrow evening, as we celebrate the change of throne, as we cross the emblematic Red Bridge, which bears the name of my great-grandmother, tomorrow evening, when we make our way across the bridge from the old to the new, from tradition to modernity, side by side with nearly two thousand people drawn from all corners of society, then, at that moment, upon the Red Bridge, I shall remember the promise I have made to the people of Luxembourg and to all our fellow citizens – and I shall recall, above alll, the words of Grand Duchess Charlotte: ‘I will live the life of my people, from whom I do not want to be separated by any barrier. I will share their joys and sufferings.’ This is, for me, the very essence of the oath I have sworn before you today. 

Thank you.”

After a round of applause, the Grand Ducal family departed the Chamber of Deputies and returned to the Palais Grand-Ducal.

At midday, the new Grand Ducal couple of Luxembourg and their two children, Hereditary Grand Duke Charles and Prince François, appeared on the balcony to wave to the hundreds of cheering crowds chanting, “Guillaume, Guillaume, Guillaume!”

Moments later, Grand Duke Henri and Grand Duchess Maria Teresa appeared, followed by extended members of the family as well as members of the royal families of Belgium and the Netherlands.

Later in the afternoon, the Grand Ducal couple attended a welcoming reception at the Hôtel de Ville hosted by the Mayor of Luxembourg City, Lydie Polfer. During the reception, they and members of the Belgian and Dutch royal families signed the Golden Book of Luxembourg City.

Following a walkabout on Place Guillaume II, where the Grand Ducal couple met with the public, they attended a reception at the Cercle Cité hosted by the government of the Grand Duchy.

In the evening, a glittering gala dinner was held at the Palais Grand-Ducal in honor of the new Grand Duke and Grand Duchess. Guests included Their Imperial and Royal Highnesses Archduke Carl Christian and Archduchess Marie Astrid of Austria, Their Royal Highnesses Prince Nikolaus and Princess Margaretha of Liechtenstein, His Royal Highness Prince Jean of Luxembourg and his wife Diane de Guerre, Their Royal Highnesses Prince Guillaume and Princess Sibilla of Luxembourg, Their Royal Highnesses Prince Félix and Princess Claire of Luxembourg, His Royal Highness Prince Louis of Luxembourg, His Royal Highness Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg, Mr. Nicolas Bagory, the husband of Her Royal Highness Princess Alexandra of Luxembourg, who unfortunately canceled at the last minute as the Princess is expecting her second child in November.

Also in attendance were Their Majesties King Philippe and Queen Mathilde of the Belgians, Her Royal Highness Princess Elisabeth of Belgium, Duchess of Brabant, Her Royal Highness Princess Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Oranje, and Their Majesties King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima of the Netherlands. 

Members of the de Lannoy family, including Count Jehan and Countess Beatrice de Lannoy,  Count Christian and Countess Luisa de Lannoy,  Countess Nathalie de Lannoy and her husband, Mr. John Hamilton, Count Amaury and Countess Astrid de Lannoy, and Count Olivier and Countess Alice de Lannoy.

The President and First Lady of France, Emmanuel and Brigitte Macron, the President of the Federal Republic of Germany, Frank-Walter Steinmeier and his wife Elke, the President of the European Council, the President of the European Parliament, the Prime Minister of Luxembourg, Luc Frieden, and his wife, the Deputy Prime Minister Xavier Bettel and his husband, Mr. Gauthier Destenay, journalist and historian Mr. Stéphane Bern and his partner, Mr. Yori Bailleres, the Archbishop of Luxembourg Cardinal Jean-Claude Hollerich, the Mayor of Luxembourg City Ms. Lydie Polfer, members of the government, and distinguished guests.

During the gala dinner, Grand Duke Guillaume gave a powerful speech:

“Your Majesties, Mr Federal President, Mr President of the Republic, Your Royal Highnesses, Mr President of the Chamber of Deputies, Mr Prime Minister, Dear Guests, 

This morning, when I took the oath of office before the Chamber of Deputies, I sought to express what inspires me most deeply. I recalled a remarkable figure in our history, Grand Duchess Charlotte, my great-grandmother, who embodied the spirit of resistance of the Luxembourgish people. 

Together with her son, Grand Duke Jean, my grandfather, she was able, in the darkest hours of our history, to give voice to the hope and dignity of a people attached to their freedom. Their commitment, courage and faith in the future paved the way for the path we follow today: that of a nation which, without ever renouncing its sovereignty, chooses dialogue over isolation, cooperation over confrontation. 

Today, with a profound sense of duty and a clear awareness of the weight of this tradition, I am honoured to uphold the values and principles that my great-grandmother, my grandfather, and my parents instilled in me with such conviction. At the same time, it is now my task to carry the monarchy into the 21st century and to help it fully realise its potential in the service of our society. 

Each reign has been marked by its own distinctive qualities and strengths, shaped by the challenges of its time. Today, the commitments my wife and I have made to building a cohesive, inclusive, and supportive society are not only the guiding principles of our service to the country; they also reflect the spirit of the modern Grand Duchy and have played a significant role in its renown and prosperity. However, these values should not be regarded as unique to Luxembourg. 

They could not have borne fruit, nor shaped our society so profoundly, had we not, as a people, opened ourselves to the world and embraced its diversity with confidence and generosity. When I took the oath of office this morning, I wanted to pause and reflect on a project very close to my heart. It is a dream, an ambition that has, over time, taken root and established itself as a powerful symbol of our unity. A vision that has greatly contributed to the Grand Duchy’s growth and that, despite the uncertainties of our times, continues to offer hope in a constantly changing world. I am, of course, speaking of Europe. 

The values that inspire me are the very values that Europe embodies: solidarity, freedom, democracy, and equality, together with respect for the rule of law and human dignity. Alongside our institutions, these values form the foundation of our democracies and lie at the heart of the European identity we share and are entrusted to preserve. 

We are gathered here tonight among friends, neighbours, and fellow Europeans. I am deeply honoured by the presence of the Heads of State of our neighbouring countries, including our cousins from the Benelux nations, who have come to celebrate this milestone in our institutional history alongside the people of Luxembourg.

For centuries, our nations have shared far more than geographic borders. We have forged unbreakable bonds through exemplary political, economic, and cultural cooperation, but also through genuine friendship among our peoples. This closeness has fostered shared experiences, carefully forged alliances, and a deep conviction that we share a common destiny. Together, we have overcome many challenges and, together, we have shaped a future grounded in mutual respect and the aspiration to build a united and resilient Europe. 

Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, France, and Germany, we represent the heart of Europe: five of the six countries that took the initiative to embark on this bold venture that has become the European Union. 

I would like to salute Presidents Metsola and Costa, who joined us this morning to represent Europe, as well as Italian President Mattarella, whom my father received in this very room last June. The President said at the time: ‘It is in the relations between our respective societies and peoples that the fraternity between our countries is constantly renewed, united as we are by a community of values with solid foundations.’ These words resonate with particular relevance today. For it is indeed in the relations between our peoples, in gestures of trust and acts of solidarity, that Europe draws its vitality. 

Our country, modest in size yet resolutely open-minded, has made cooperation a founding principle and multilateralism a vocation. It is this Europe that we celebrate tonight: a Europe of values, a Europe of peace, a Europe which, despite headwinds, continues to believe in the strength of bonds and in the dignity of every nation. 

Only a strong and united Europe is capable of defending our way of life. This is not a matter of opinion, but a fundamental geostrategic reality. Tonight, in the presence of our partners and friends, we reaffirm our commitment to the principles that unite us. By staying true to our history, our values, and our shared responsibilities, we can build a Europe capable of meeting all the challenges of tomorrow.”

The Grand Duke ended his speech with a toast:

“Kéint ech Iech elo alleguerten invitéieren Äert Glas ze hiewen. Op Europa, op eis Frëndschaft, op mäi Papp, de Grand-Duc Henri, a meng Mamm, d’Grande-Duchesse Maria Teresa, op Lëtzebuerg!”